Motor or pump operating machine



J. KOPFLI Dec.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 8, 1966 Dec. 17, 1968 J. KOPFLI MOTOR OR PUMP OPERATING MACHINE Filed April 8, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,416,458 MOTOR 0R PUMP OPERATING MACHINE Josef Kt'ipfli, Sonnenwinkel 1,

Weinfelden, Switzerland Filed Apr. 8, 1966, Ser. No. 541,344 Claims priority, application Austria, Apr. 12, 1965, A 3,385/65 1 Claim. (Cl. 103-125) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A machine operating as a pump or motor having a housing unit with central rotary piston with side surfaces and a circular groove in each surface, and having a packing ring in each groove in contact with the housing so that by means of passages in the piston in communication with each circular groove the pressure in the housing will influence the packing rings to force them against the housing.

This invention relates to a motor or pump operating machine having a central rotary piston and a plurality of tight rotors mounted in a housing radial to an adjacent rotary piston sleeve.

It is an object of the invention to provide a structure in which a complete equalization of the power from a hydraulic pressure medium is attained, so that when operating with high pressures, a minimum of Wear of the machine will take place. A further object of the invention resides in its simple construction and easy assembly. Thus another object of the invention resides in an improved machine as known heretofore.

Machines known heretofore have been essentially improved in thateach tight rotor is provided with two diametrically arranged rotor channels or grooves longitudinally directed to provide free flow for rotary piston vanes and to provide for the pressure and exhaust channels for conveyance of the medium through the housing. This provides for a light fit for the movable parts of the machine.

Further objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a cross-section of the machine; and

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of the machine taken on the line II--II of FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows.

The following "shall describe the machine as a motor. The housing 1 is provided with side housing covers 2 and 3 and therein a rotary piston 4 is mounted on a driving shaft 5. For this purpose bearings 6 are provided in the housing covers 2 and 3. In the housing 1, 2 and 3 there is also mounted on bearings 8, four close or tight rotors 7 by means of trunnions or pins 9, each tight rotor 7 is prolvided with a gear wheel 10' and the four gears mesh Wu 2. gear 11 mounted on the shaft and thus connected to the rotary piston 4. The tight rotors 7 and the rotary piston 4 will rotate by means of the driving wheel or gears 10 and 11 with their sleeve surfaces or jackets acting as packing.

The rotary piston 4 provided with four vanes 12 which slide in a tight fit against the housing inner wall' 13 and which extend longitudinally along the entire length of the rotary piston 4 as shown in FIG. 2. Each tight rotor 7 is provided with two diametrically opposite grooves or channels 14 which extend along the entire longitudinal length of each rotor for the medium, that is the hydraulic means such as oil or the like. Upon rotation of the rotary piston 4 and the tight rotors 7, the vanes 12 will extend into the channels 14 without contact, whereby themedium such as pressure oil will permit the rotation of the rotary 3,416,458 Patented Dec. 17, 1968 piston 4. The second channel 14 of each tight rotor will communicate with each other by a bore 15. Each tight rotor 7 is divided as to the two channels 14 into two tight segments 16. The outer surface 17 of the segments 16 will slide tightly against the inner wall 18 of the housing. The length of the piston 4 under the influence of the hydraulic medium is the same as each rotor 7.

In accordance with the showing of FIG. 1, two opposite rotors 7 with the cover surfaces 17 will have its segments 16 in tight contact on the outer surface 19 of the rotary piston 4. The two other rotors are not tightly provided against the outer surface 19. Two opposite wings or vanes 12 operate tightly against the wall 13, FIG. 1,

and the other two vanes 12 extend with clearance into the channels 14 so that they are not tightly in contact with the channels 14. Thus four wing chambers A, B, C and D are formed around the periphery of the rotary piston 4. In the position according to FIG. 1 the one vane chamber A extends from the tight edge 20 to the tight edge 21. Thus the second vane chamber B will be closed to the tight edge 20. The third vane chamber C reaches from the tight edge 23 to the tight edge 24. Thus the fourth vane chamber D extends to the tight edge 25. The size of the individual vane chambers A-D and their position over the outer surface of the piston 4 changes constantly upon rotation of the piston 4. The vane chamber A will take up in itself a tight rotor 7, in which the rotor channel 14 will have a rotary piston vane 12 of the rotary piston 4 in free contact so that the hydraulic medium will stream freely between the last tight rotor 7 and the rotary piston 4, 12 to the pressure outlet.

Pressure and outlet channels 26 and 27 are in communication from the housing 1 directly in the vane chambers A-D and not over the rotary piston shaft. By means of the medium streaming in the channels 26 and 27, the outer surfaces of the rotary pistons 4 and the tight rotors will be influenced over the entire length between the housing parts 2 and 3, FIG. 2.

Each housing space or bore 18 for each respective tight rotor 7 is provided with two housing channels 28 and 29, FIG. 1, which extend over the entire length of each rotor 7 for the pressure medium. If a segment 16 of a rotor 7 is adjacent or opposite two channels 28 and 29 of a casing bore 18 as shown in FIG. 1 at the lower right side and left at the top side, then the two channels 28 and 29 will be separated from each other by means of the projecting nose 30. If a rotor channel 14 is opposite the two channels 28 and 29 of a bore 18 as in FIG. 1 upper right and bottom left, then the two respective channels 28 and 29 are interconnected with each other.

Two housing channels 28 of two bores 18 are connected with the vane chamber A by means of the channel 31. The other two housing channels 28 of the other two bores 18 are likewise connected with the vane chamber C by means of a channel 31. All of the housing channels 29 are connected with the vane chambers A-D by means of connections 32 with channel 26 or 27.

In order to seal the sides of the rotary piston 4 there is provided a packing ring 33 on each side of the piston 4. The packing ring 33 is provided with a rubber ring 34 on the inner side of each ring 33 to cooperate with a plurality of separated tight chambers 35 and a channel 36 is connected to each chamber 35. All channels 36 are divided around the circumference of the rotary piston 4 and they connect to the peripheral surface 19, so that at times only the pressure containing sectors of the packing ring 33 will be forced against the housing covers 2 and 3. The packing ring sectors S which are under pressure are indicated in FIG. 1 by horizontal hatching and in these sectors the shown positions of the parts are indicated as pairs S provided under pressure by the vane chambers 27 with its entirety there are eight channels when those on both sides are counted.

The remaining channels 36 are connected in communication with the chambers 26, not under pressure.

Not all channels 36 are under pressure but only a part of them. Upon rotation of the piston 4, the chambers 35 are at times closed relative to channel 36.

The pressing pressure of the sealing ring 33 against the housing cover 2 and 3 operates thus only when pressure is present. Hereby the friction of the pressure piston 4 on the housing covers 2 and 3 will be reduced to a minimum, so that in such machines it is guaranteed as to a free running thereof and a long life for the machine can be expected.

The lateral sides of the tight rotors 7 is also taken care of by packing rings 37, FIG. 2.

The sealing for the surfaces of the rotary piston 4 and/ or the tight pistons 7 as to the walls 13, 18, 38 and 39 'on the housing 1-3 may be accomplished by means of known soft layers of material 40 composed of bearing metal or artificial materials, so that foreign matter will not become embedded in such layers. Such hard foreign matter may split off from the various parts and also certain matter in the oils used in the machine. Such foreign particles which may be pressed in the layer 40 cannot thereby result in friction and scratching taking place.

Upon the rotation of the motor in the clock-wise direction the following operation takes place.

The channels 27 are pressure lines. The tight rotors 7 in communication with the pressure chambers B and D are equalized or compensated. The housing channels 29 are sealed against the housing channel 28. In the housing channels 29 there prevails the same pressure over the lines 32 as in the pressure chambers B and D. The pressure surface of the rotors 7 which are limited as to the pressure chambers B and D by the medium is the same as on th surface of the rotors 7 limited by the channels 29. These rotor surfaces assume positions diametrically opposite to one another so that no bending moment will take place at the rotors 7. Should some pressure oil eventually reach a rotor channel 14 of a not completely sealed rotor 7, then in such case a pressure equalization will take place by means of the bore 15. In the housing channel 28 there is present the same outlet pressure as in the outlet chambers A and C. All rotors 7 are completely influenced equally in every position by the same oil pressure or by outlet flow oil.

The sealing rings 33 are subjected to difierent pressures on the housing walls. The different oil pressures at places on the sealing rings 33 are the same as the pressures in the vane chambers A-D. The sealing rings 33 are pressed only on such surrounding surfaces as long as the pressure of the medium is operative.

In place of the four rotors 7 and the four rotating piston vanes 12 one can also provide the machine with, for example, six, eight and so forth, rotors 7 and vanes 12.

Since the entire length between the housing parts 2 and 3 and the length of the rotors 7 and rotary piston 4 is subjected to the hydraulic medium, the machine may, by simple replacement of the middle housing part 1, be made with ditferent widths and power. The bearings 6 and 8 for the pistons and the rotors as well as the housing parts 2 and 3 are always to be considered as fundamental basic elements. Thus rotors and pistons of different lengths may be used. Independent from the length of the rotors and the pistons, the various parts are statically and dynamically balanced or equalized.

I claim:

1. A motor or pump operating machine comprising a housing composed of a central part and two side cover parts, a piston rotatably mounted in the housing and having a plurality of vanes mounted thereon and projecting therefrom and forming with the central part of the housing a plurality of vaned chambers separated by the vanes around the piston, a plurality of spaced rotors mounted in sealed relationship in the central part of the housing between the cover parts and contacting the piston, each rotor having two diametrically opposite spaces therein each open at the circumferential face of its rotor, a pressure medium channel and outlet channel provided in the housing and connected with the vaned chambers formed by the piston and central part of the housing, said piston vanes cooperating with the spaces in the rotors to permit the vanes to project thereinto so that such vanes will pass each rotor without contact with the rotors, and a pair of sealing rings provided in the piston one on each side thereof, the piston having a plurality of separated chambers back of each of the sealing rings, said separated chambers being uniformly distributed along the backsides of the sealing rings, each of said separated chambers being individually connected to the nearest vaned chamber, so that only such sectors of the sealing rings having on their backsides separated chambers connected to such sectors of the vaned chambers filled with operating medium being under pressure are pressed against adjacent sectors of the cover parts.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 313,415 3/1885 Greindl 103l25 538,524 4/ 1895 Klein.

562,405 6/ 1896 Kryszat 9l92 803,772 11/1905 Marburg 103-425 1,648,092 11/ 1927 Whiting 103125 3,300,127 l/ 1967 Yamamoto et al.

FRED C. MATTERN, Primary Examiner. W. J. GOODLIN, Assistant Examiner.

' US. Cl. X.R. 103l26, 216 

